In genetics, what does F2 generation denote?

The F2 generation represents the second generation of offspring that results from the self-pollination or self-fertilization of the F1 generation, which are the first generation offspring. In genetics, after the initial cross (P generation), the offspring are referred to as the F1 generation. When these F1 individuals are allowed to mate with each other, the subsequent generation is called F2. Understanding this relationship is crucial in studying inheritance patterns, as it allows for the observation of phenotypic ratios and genotypic distributions arising from dominant and recessive traits. The F2 generation plays an essential role in experiments such as Mendelian genetics, where it is used to analyze how traits are passed on across generations.