What does thermal conductivity measure?

Thermal conductivity specifically measures how easily heat flows through a material. It quantifies the rate at which heat energy is transferred through a substance due to a temperature difference. Materials with high thermal conductivity allow heat to pass through them easily, making them efficient at conducting heat. Conversely, those with low thermal conductivity are considered good insulators, as they impede the flow of heat.

Thermal conductivity is critical in various applications, from construction materials to electronic devices, as it influences how well these materials can manage heat in different environments. Understanding thermal conductivity helps in selecting materials for specific functions based on their ability to conduct heat.