What is the abbreviation for the single-stranded ribonucleic acid that forms through transcription?

The abbreviation for the single-stranded ribonucleic acid that forms through transcription is mRNA, or messenger RNA. During the process of transcription, a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA. This RNA molecule, specifically mRNA, serves as a template for protein synthesis during translation.

mRNA carries genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes, where proteins are assembled. It is synthesized in the nucleus and then transported to the cytoplasm, making it an essential intermediary in the flow of genetic information, fulfilling the central dogma of molecular biology.

tRNA (transfer RNA) is involved in transporting amino acids to the ribosome during translation, while rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a component of the ribosome itself, providing the site for protein synthesis. cDNA (complementary DNA) is synthesized from an mRNA template by reverse transcription and is not formed directly through transcription of DNA. Thus, mRNA is the correct answer as it specifically refers to the RNA that is synthesized during the transcription process.