What is the main outcome of apoptosis?

The main outcome of apoptosis is the elimination of unwanted cells. Apoptosis is a tightly regulated process of programmed cell death that plays a critical role in maintaining the homeostasis of an organism. By eliminating cells that are no longer needed, damaged, or potentially harmful (such as those that could become cancerous), apoptosis helps to ensure the overall health and functionality of tissues.

This process can be seen during development (for instance, in the shaping of fingers and toes where the cells between them are eliminated) and in the immune response where cells that are infected or that pose a threat are removed efficiently.

By selectively removing cells in a controlled manner, apoptosis prevents inflammation and damage to surrounding tissues, contrasting with necrosis, which is a form of uncontrolled cell death that can cause adverse reactions. Thus, the correct answer highlights apoptosis's role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and organismal health through the systematic removal of unwanted cells.