What is the process called that results in daughter nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell?

The process that results in daughter nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell is known as mitosis. During mitosis, a single parent cell divides to produce two genetically identical daughter cells. Each daughter cell retains the same chromosome number and genetic information as the original cell, which is crucial for growth, development, and tissue repair in multicellular organisms.

Mitosis involves several stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During these stages, the chromosomes are replicated and then evenly distributed to ensure that each daughter cell gets a complete set of chromosomes. This is distinct from meiosis, which is the process that produces gametes with half the chromosome number, thus leading to genetic diversity. Cytokinesis refers to the division of the cytoplasm at the end of mitosis or meiosis, while binary fission is a method of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotes, where the cell divides into two, but it is not associated with the same complex chromosomal division seen in mitosis.