What is the role of the pleural membrane?

The pleural membrane plays a crucial role in the respiratory system by covering the lungs and allowing for smooth movement during breathing. This double-layered membrane consists of the visceral pleura, which is attached to the lungs, and the parietal pleura, which lines the chest wall. The space between these two layers, known as the pleural cavity, is filled with pleural fluid.

The pleural fluid has several important functions. It reduces friction between the lung surface and the chest wall during inhalation and exhalation, allowing the lungs to expand and contract freely without irritation. Additionally, the pleural fluid helps maintain surface tension, which is essential for keeping the lungs inflated. This arrangement of the pleural membrane and fluid is vital for effective respiratory mechanics and overall lung function, contributing to the efficiency of gas exchange in the body.

The other choices pertain to different functions that are not associated with the pleural membrane, illustrating the specificity of its role in lung protection and function.