What is the structure that connects the central nervous system with parts of the body?

The nerve is the structure that connects the central nervous system (CNS) with various parts of the body. Nerves are bundles of axons, which are the long, slender projections of neurons that transmit electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body. They serve as communication pathways, transmitting signals between the CNS, which includes the brain and spinal cord, and peripheral areas such as muscles, organs, and sensory receptors. This connection allows for the coordination of bodily functions and responses to environmental stimuli.

In this context, ganglia refer to clusters of nerve cell bodies found outside the CNS, primarily playing a role in processing signals but not serving as the direct connection. Axons, while indeed a component of nerves, are not structures that connect different parts of the body on their own; they need to be grouped into nerves to perform that role effectively. Dendrites are the branches of neurons that receive signals from other neurons but do not serve to connect the CNS with the rest of the body. Therefore, the nerve is specifically designed to fulfill the function of connecting the CNS to peripheral structures, making it the correct choice.