What is the term for a synapse at which the arrival of an impulse blocks forward transmissions of impulses in the postsynaptic membrane?

The term for a synapse that blocks or inhibits the transmission of impulses in the postsynaptic membrane is known as an inhibitory synapse. Inhibitory synapses work by releasing neurotransmitters that bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane, causing hyperpolarization. This increases the negativity of the postsynaptic neuron's membrane potential, making it less likely for an action potential to be generated.

This process is crucial for regulating neuronal excitability and maintaining balance in the nervous system, as it can dampen excessive signaling or prevent overactivity of neural circuits. Understanding the function of inhibitory synapses is essential, as they play a critical role in processes such as sensory processing, motor control, and emotional regulation.

In contrast, excitatory synapses increase the likelihood of the generation of an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. Reflex synapses are associated with rapid responses but do not inherently refer to inhibition. Neuromuscular synapses are specifically involved in the communication between neurons and muscles, facilitating muscle contraction. Hence, the concept of inhibition is distinctly captured in the term "inhibitory synapse."