What term describes a stable community of organisms in equilibrium with natural environmental conditions?

The term that describes a stable community of organisms in equilibrium with natural environmental conditions is "climax community." A climax community represents the final stage of ecological succession, where the ecosystem has reached a stable state. In this state, the population of plants and animals is relatively constant over time, as the biotic and abiotic components of the environment have balanced out to maintain homeostasis.

In a climax community, species composition remains relatively unchanged until disrupted by significant environmental changes, such as natural disasters or human activities. The concept highlights the idea that ecosystems progress through various stages, ultimately resulting in a mature and stable community that efficiently recycles nutrients and supports a diverse range of species.

Other terms such as succession community and transitional community refer to earlier or less stable stages in ecosystem development, where constant changes are occurring as species and relationships are still being established. A stable ecosystem may imply a broader set of conditions but does not specifically denote the mature endpoint like the climax community does.