What term describes the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma?

The process that describes the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma is known as pollination. This vital event in plant reproduction facilitates fertilization, as it allows for pollen grains to reach the stigma of a compatible flower.

Pollination can occur through various means, including wind, water, or animal vectors, particularly insects. When the pollen successfully lands on the stigma, it can then germinate and grow a pollen tube through which sperm cells travel to reach the ovule for fertilization to occur.

Fertilization refers to the subsequent union of the male and female gametes, germination is the process by which a seed develops into a new plant, and cross-pollination specifically denotes the transfer of pollen between different plants, which is a subset of the broader term of pollination. Therefore, the correct choice highlights the general process of pollen transfer essential for seed production and the continuation of plant species.