Which cell type in the pancreas is responsible for insulin secretion?

The beta (β) cells in the pancreas are the specific cell type responsible for the secretion of insulin. These cells are located within the islets of Langerhans, which are clusters of endocrine cells in the pancreas. When blood glucose levels rise, such as after a meal, the beta cells recognize this increase and respond by releasing insulin into the bloodstream. Insulin is a crucial hormone that facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells throughout the body, promoting its utilization for energy and storage as glycogen in the liver and muscle tissues.

This regulatory mechanism is vital for maintaining normal blood glucose levels and plays a key role in metabolic processes. The other cell types present in the pancreas have different functions: alpha cells secrete glucagon to raise blood glucose levels, delta cells produce somatostatin to regulate the endocrine system, and exocrine cells are involved in digestive enzyme secretion, rather than hormonal regulation.