Which term refers to the chemical inhibition of one plant by another through the release of allelochemicals?

The term that refers to the chemical inhibition of one plant by another through the release of allelochemicals is allelopathy. This phenomenon occurs when a plant releases biochemicals into the environment, which can suppress the growth, germination, or overall vitality of surrounding plants. Allelochemicals can be introduced into the soil via root exudates, decaying plant material, or volatile compounds and can affect a wide range of biological processes in other plants, including nutrient uptake and photosynthesis.

In this context, while "allelecology" might seem related, it is not a recognized term in plant interactions. "Alleviation" generally refers to the reduction of severity, often in a context such as pain or burden, rather than plant interactions. "Allergy" pertains to an immune response in animals, particularly humans, to certain substances and does not have a connection to the chemical interactions between plants. Therefore, allelopathy specifically captures the essence of the interaction described in the question, making it the correct choice.